In recent decades, the increasing severity of environmental challenges has made the integration of environmental considerations one of the fundamental requirements of development policymaking and planning. Accordingly, examining how environmental issues are reflected in overarching documents, which serve as guiding frameworks for national development, is of particular importance in assessing the extent to which sustainability requirements are addressed. One of the strategic documents of Iran’s science, technology, and innovation system is the Comprehensive Scientific Map of the Country (Iran), which was approved in 2010 by the Secretariat of the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution, the Vice Presidency for Science and Technology, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Ministry of Education, and the Islamic Consultative Assembly. The document consists of an introduction and five chapters, within which 19 policy statements address issues related to the environment and land management. The principal themes covered in the document include knowledge management and technology transfer, emerging technologies and intelligent systems, environmental and natural resources education and awareness, sustainable land management and spatial planning, and the conservation and enhancement of genetic resources.