نوع مقاله : مروری
نویسنده
دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Armed conflicts, as one of the most significant threats to the environment, impose widespread, complex, and often long-term impacts on ecosystems and human health. This study was conducted to examine the environmental consequences of the 12-day Iran–Israel war in 2025 and seeks to analyze the direct and indirect effects of this conflict on environmental components and ecosystem services. The research method is descriptive–analytical with a qualitative approach, and the data were collected based on documentary analysis and reports from reputable international organizations such as UNEP and the Conflict and Environment Observatory (CEOBS), as well as domestic and international scientific studies.
The findings indicate that damage to nuclear, energy, and military infrastructure has increased the risk of chemical, oil-related, and potentially radiological pollution, thereby affecting air quality, soil, water resources, and terrestrial and marine ecosystems. In the short term, fires and explosions have led to increased air pollutants and direct destruction of habitats, while in the long term, there is an increased risk of biodiversity loss, disruption of ecosystem services, and reduced environmental resilience. Spatial analysis also indicates significant overlap between the four categories of protected areas and sensitive military and industrial centers, which intensifies the vulnerability of these ecosystems under wartime conditions.
The results of this study emphasize the necessity of integrating environmental considerations into security, military, and post-conflict planning and highlight environmental protection as an integral component of human security and sustainable development.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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