نوع مقاله : اسناد فرادست
نویسندگان
عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Before the Islamic Revolution, during the reign of the second Pahlavi, six development programs were formulated to promote the country's growth and development, five of which were implemented. In each of these programs, sections were dedicated to conserving natural resources—though with a focus on environmental issues rather than the environment itself—and budgets were allocated for their implementation. After the Islamic Revolution, the first development program was formulated after an 11-year delay in 1989. Since the revolution, seven five-year development programs have been drafted, with the seventh program currently being implemented in the country. The methodology of this study involves a systematic review and analysis of program documents. The findings reveal that the share of environmental provisions in the first development program (1989–1993) was 3%, in the second development program (1995–1999) 4%, in the third development program (2000–2004) 7%, in the fourth development program (2005–2009) 22%, in the fifth development program (2011–2015) 13%, in the sixth development program (2017–2021) 14%, and in the seventh development program (2024–2028) 9%. The share of environmental provisions in the development programs reflects the country's developmental conditions, increasing only when there was relative growth and balance among other aspects of development. However, weak enforcement guarantees, partiality, and lack of inter-sectoral coordination are among the fundamental challenges in implementing environmental provisions in development programs. The primary object of this study is to identify the evolutionary trajectory of environmental policies and to assess the strengths, weaknesses, and challenges in this field.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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