Compensatory measures represent a core component of land management, aiming to restore ecological structure, function, and services in degraded landscapes. Building on international ecological restoration standards and scientific literature, this document presents a comprehensive framework of 14 compensatory approaches (R1–R14), ranging from minimal intervention to full ecosystem redesign. These approaches address degradation caused by war, climate change, unsustainable land use, and human pressures, offering a structured basis for ecological recovery, reconstruction, and adaptive management. The document clarifies the definitions, objectives, and distinctions among the R categories and examines their applicability across Iran’s forest, rangeland, mountain, and wetland ecosystems. It further outlines policy pathways for post-war landscape rehabilitation and long-term ecological resilience. This integrated scientific–policy framework provides practical guidance for decision makers, environmental managers, and restoration practitioners seeking to implement effective compensatory actions and support sustainable land recovery.